υπάρχουν .Λέγονται υποατομικά σωματίδια .Τέτοια είναι τα πρωτόνια και τα νετρόνια που αποτελούν τον πυρήνα του ατόμου και τα ηλεκτρόνια που περιφέρονται σε στοιβάδες γύρω από τον πυρήνα σε ελιπτικες τροχιές. Τα πρωτόνια θετικά φορτισμένα ενώ τα ηλεκτρόνια είναι αρνητικά φορτισμένα ενώ τα νετρόνια ουδέτερα. Πέραν αυτών υπάρχουν και άλλα που έχουν ανακαλυφθεί τα τελευταία χρόνια
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υπάρχουν .Λέγονται υποατομικά σωματίδια .Τέτοια είναι τα πρωτόνια και τα νετρόνια που αποτελούν τον πυρήνα του ατόμου και τα ηλεκτρόνια που περιφέρονται σε στοιβάδες γύρω από τον πυρήνα σε ελιπτικες τροχιές. Τα πρωτόνια θετικά φορτισμένα ενώ τα ηλεκτρόνια είναι αρνητικά φορτισμένα ενώ τα νετρόνια ουδέτερα. Πέραν αυτών υπάρχουν και άλλα που έχουν ανακαλυφθεί τα τελευταία χρόνια